(1) Regulations of aluminum processing plants
The regulations of aluminum processing plants are the laws, regulations and rules that should be followed in the production and management of aluminum and aluminum alloy processing products. The three major regulations are process regulations, equipment operation regulations and production safety regulations. The process regulations are the "constitution" (parent law) of the factory and must be strictly followed by every employee in the factory. Other regulations are compiled and formulated based on the purpose of the process regulations.
(2) Product technical standards
Product technical standards refer to the technical requirements and quality indicators that products must meet during the production process and quality management process in order to meet the user's use requirements or certain national regulations (such as environmental protection, etc.). Product technical standards can be divided into international standards, national standards (national standards), departmental standards (industry standards), enterprise standards (enterprise standards) and internal standards (internal standards).
What are the five main quality indicators of aluminum alloy processing products? What do they mainly include?
The quality indicators of aluminum alloy processing products mainly include chemical composition, internal structure, internal and external surface quality, performance, dimensional tolerance and shape and position accuracy.
(1) Chemical composition
Including the main components and proportions of the alloy; the amount of trace elements added and the content of impurity elements, etc., should all comply with the requirements of relevant technical standards or technical agreements.
(2) Internal structure
Mainly including the size, morphology and distribution of grains; the amount, size and distribution of second phases; the amount, size and distribution of metal and non-metal inclusions; the porosity and gas content and distribution; internal cracks and other discontinuity defects (such as shrinkage, folding, oxide film, etc.); metal flow lines and streamlines, etc., should all comply with the requirements of technical standards or technical agreements.
(3) Internal and external surface quality
According to the requirements of technical standards, the internal and external surfaces should be bright, smooth, harmonious in color, and reach a certain degree of finish. There should be no cracks, abrasions, scratches and corrosion marks, and there should be no bubbles, pores, black and white spots, hemp lines and waves, etc.
(4) Performance
According to technical standards or user requirements, reasonable physical and chemical properties, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, processing properties or other special performance indicators should be achieved.
(5) Dimensional tolerance and geometric accuracy
The dimensional tolerance of the cross section and the geometric accuracy of the product (such as curvature, plane clearance, twisting, flaring, splicing, plate shape, wave, etc.) should all comply with technical standards and usage requirements.
What are the defects of aluminum alloy processed products? How to classify them?
During the production process or after the finished product inspection, if one or more of the quality indicators of aluminum alloy processed materials do not meet the technical standards or technical agreements, which affects the performance, it is called a product defect. According to the impact of defects on product quality and performance, they can be divided into serious and minor. Minor defects are repairable defects. After rework or repair, they can still meet the use requirements or basically meet the provisions of technical standards and can be delivered for use, such as surface bubbles, scratches, marks, peeling, etc. Severe defects refer to irreparable defects, generally called scrap or absolute scrap, such as overburning, through pores, cracks, unqualified performance, size deviation, etc. Scrap cannot be delivered for use and should be discarded or remelted.
What is the waste (scrap) of aluminum alloy processing materials? How to classify?
The waste generated in the production process of aluminum alloy processing materials is also called scrap. Scrap is an irreparable defect, which can generally be divided into geometric scrap and technical (process) scrap. Geometric scrap is the inevitable scrap of aluminum alloy processing materials in the production process, such as extruded residues, ingot cutting heads and tails, chucks at both ends of products during stretching, thick plate cutting heads and tails, strip and foil cutting edges and cutting heads and tails, die forgings flash (cut edges), ingot and product cutting samples, sawdust consumed by sawing of short length materials and cutting heads and tails, cutting necessary samples and ingots consumed during mold testing, etc. Geometric scrap is inevitable and can only be reduced but not eliminated.
Technical scrap (scrap) is also called process scrap (scrap), which is man-made scrap generated in the production process of aluminum alloy processing materials due to unreasonable process, equipment problems, and improper operation of workers. It is different from geometric waste. Through technological improvement and strengthened management, the generation of technical waste can be effectively overcome and eliminated.
Technical scrap can be divided into the following categories:
① Structural scrap. Such as overburning, coarse crystal ring, coarse grain, shrinkage tail, slag inclusion, internal crack, through pore, loose, oxide film, flow pattern irregularity, etc.
② Mechanical properties unqualified scrap. Strength and hardness are too low, not meeting national standards; or plasticity is too low, not fully softened, not meeting technical requirements.
③ Surface scrap. Layering, bubbles, surface cracks, orange peel, structural stripes, black spots, longitudinal welding lines, transverse welding lines, scratches, metal indentation, etc.
④ Geometric scrap. Waves, twisting, bending, plane gaps, dimensional tolerances and shape and position accuracy do not meet technical standards.
At the aluminum processing plant site, aluminum scrap is sometimes divided into primary scrap, secondary scrap, tertiary scrap and scrap aluminum
According to the source, composition, purity and quality of the scrap. Waste should be stored in a graded manner and recycled reasonably and comprehensively.